Hi, I'm Pato from KANJI-Link. In this video,
I would like to explain how to make the casual past or TA form of verbs in Japanese. If you know how to make the TE form, this
is going to be very easy, because the only thing you have to do is to change the TE into
TA. And of course, DE, which is TE with TEN TEN, becomes DA, which is TA with TENTEN. Let's see how this will look like. I take
the conjugation rules of TE form, and I change the TE... Into TA. Well, that's easy to say this, but
that's a lot of information at the same time! So let's go step by step here! Let's begin with group 1 verbs, the most difficult
part. As you know, there are 5 sub-groups inside the group 1. The first sub-group is the verbs that end
with the syllable U, TSU or RU. The second sub-group is the verbs that end
with the syllable NU, BU or MU. Then, we have 3 more sub-groups. The verbs
that end with KU. The verbs that end with GU. And finally the verbs that end with SU.
Now that you know the sub-groups, let's have a look at the conjugation. For the verbs that end with U TSU RU, you
take out the ending and put TTA instead. Don't forget the small TSU, this is a double consonant!
For the verbs that end with NU BU MU, you take out the ending and put NDA instead.
For all the verbs that end with KU, you replace KU with ITA. All the verbs? Wait, actually... There is an exception! Do you remember the exception for the TE form?
It was the verb IKU, to go, that doesn't become IITE but ITTE. Well, since the conjugation
of TA form is similar to TE form, we have the same problem here. IKU doesn't turn into
IITA but ITTA, with a small TSU, just like the first sub-group. So let's add this little exception here and
move on to the 4th sub-group, the verbs that end with GU. The ending GU becomes IDA.
Finally, for all the verbs that end with SU, you replace SU with SHITA. Let's practice all these conjugations!
What would this verb become? KAU, to buy. We replace the final U with TTA. Don't forget
the small TSU! KAU becomes KATTA. It means the same thing as KAIMASHITA, I bought, but
it's more casual. Can you try with ASOBU, to play? Take out
the final MU, and put NDA instead. Right, ASOBU becomes ASONDA, I played! How about KAKU, to write? You turn the final
KU into ITA. KAKU becomes KAITA, I wrote! Keep it up! OYOGU, to swim. The final GU is
replaced with IDA. OYOGU becomes OYOIDA, I swam. Last example, HANASU to talk. So, how do you
say "I talked"? Replace the final SU with SHITA. HANASU becomes HANASHITA, I talked. Very good job! Now that you studied the first
group, the other groups will look so easy! Group 2 verbs always end with RU with a E
or I ending syllable before and anytime we want to conjugate a group 2 verb, the ending
RU just disappears! All you have to do is to replace it with TA. So how would you say "I went out"! The verb
to go out is DERU. Take out the RU. Put TA instead. Exactly! DERU becomes DETA. We finished group 2! Group 3 is also...
